Commercial Category Intelligence

From category decisions
to commercial confidence

Articles, frameworks, benchmarks and calculators for category managers, buyers, merchandisers and retail operators. Built from decisions made on the floor, not general business commentary.

Category Strategy Vendor Negotiation Pricing & Promotion Buying Decisions Inventory Productivity
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For readers who want the full framework worked through, not just the free write-up.

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From the Articles

Latest Thinking

The three most recent pieces from the archive.

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Read the full archive of category, buying, pricing and inventory thinking.

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Latest Framework

From the Framework Library

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Coming Soon

From the Download Library

Working templates, worksheets and reference documents are on the way. The Category Playbooks Excel bundle is available now if you don't want to wait.

See the Excel bundle →
Try it now. Inventory Productivity Module
GMROI Calculator Category-calibrated benchmarks
Fashion
CE
Durables
FMCG
Your GMROI
The Knowledge Platform

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Commercial Challenges

What's the commercial challenge in front of you?

Select your situation. We'll route you to the right framework, benchmark or calculator.

My GMROI is low
Too much dead stock
Buying decisions feel reactive
Vendor negotiation stuck
Promotion isn't protecting margin
Pricing architecture unclear
Category review overdue
Stock-outs happening

Calculator Library. Module 1: Inventory Productivity

Inventory Productivity Calculators

Select your category, enter your numbers, get an instant directional reading with interpretation.

GMROI Calculator
GMROI
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
Gross Margin ÷ Average Inventory Cost
GMROI is the single best summary number for whether your buying is commercially efficient. It shows how many rupees of margin your inventory investment is generating. It blends fast and slow stock into one average, so a healthy number can still hide a few badly underperforming lines.
Inventory Turns Calculator
Inventory Turns / Year
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
COGS ÷ Average Inventory
Turns measures velocity. How many times your inventory investment cycles through in a year. Fast turns at thin margin and fast turns at fat margin look identical here, which is why turns is read alongside GMROI, not instead of it.
Sell-Through Calculator
Sell-Through Rate
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
Units Sold ÷ Units Received × 100
Sell-through tells you how much of what you bought has actually sold, at any margin. It's the earliest warning signal for a buy that's heading toward a markdown or write-off. It moves before GMROI does.
Dead Stock Exposure Calculator
Dead Stock Exposure
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
Dead Stock Value ÷ Total Inventory Value × 100
This is the share of your inventory value that has effectively stopped moving. It's the most direct read on working capital that's stuck rather than working, and it's usually the number that turns a "soft" GMROI into a real cash problem.
Markdown Rate Calculator
Markdown Rate
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
Total Markdown Value ÷ Original Retail Value × 100
Markdown rate shows how much of your original retail value you gave up to move stock. A rising markdown rate usually means buying, pricing or timing decisions upstream need a second look.
Shrinkage Rate Calculator
Shrinkage Rate
Enter your numbers above to see a directional read.
What this measures
(Book Stock Value − Physical Stock Value) ÷ Book Stock Value × 100
Shrinkage is inventory value lost to theft, damage, admin error or process gaps. It quietly erodes margin no other metric here will show you.

Module 2. Inventory Planning & Control Category-independent formulas

Safety Stock Calculator
Recommended Safety Stock
Enter your numbers above to see the result.
What this measures
(Max Daily Sales × Max Lead Time) − (Avg Daily Sales × Avg Lead Time)
Safety stock is the buffer that protects you against demand spikes or supplier delays. The gap between your worst-case scenario and your average one.
Reorder Point Calculator
Reorder Point
Enter your numbers above to see the result.
What this measures
(Avg Daily Sales × Avg Lead Time) + Safety Stock
The stock level that should trigger your next purchase order, so replenishment lands before you run out. Leave Safety Stock blank to pull it from the calculator above.
Open-to-Buy Calculator
Open-to-Buy
Enter your numbers above to see the result.
What this measures
(Planned Sales + Planned EOP Stock) − Planned BOP Stock − Stock on Order
How much you can still commit to buy this period without over-buying against plan. A negative number means open orders already exceed plan.
ABC Analysis Calculator
Suggested A / B / C Split
Enter your total SKU count above to see the suggested split.
What this measures
Top 20% of SKUs (A) · Next 30% (B) · Remaining 50% (C)
A quick starting split for prioritising review time and shelf space. Confirm against your own cumulative revenue curve. This is a rule-of-thumb starting point, not a substitute for ranking actual SKU-level sales.

All calculator outputs are directional and for reference purposes only. Educational and informational content.

Want to discuss what your numbers mean? Discuss your situation directly.

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Benchmark Library

Retail Inventory Benchmarks

Reference ranges by retail category. Use these alongside your calculator results above to understand where you stand.

These three tiers, Healthy, Watch, Risk, are directional reference points compiled from category norms, not audited industry data. Use them to triage where to look first, not as a pass/fail test. Click a metric below to jump to its calculator.

Scroll sideways to see the Notes column →

MetricHealthy ✓Watch ⚠Risk ✗Notes

Testimonials

What Operators Say

Submitted by visitors and category leaders. Sent to me directly. Reviewed before anything is published. Nothing here is automatic.

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Your testimonial has been received and will be reviewed before it's published. I appreciate you taking the time.

About
Amit Agarwala
Amit Agarwala
Commercial Category Intelligence
Connect on LinkedIn

I've spent over 12 years inside the rooms where category decisions actually get made. Buying meetings, pricing discussions, vendor negotiations, space and assortment reviews, and the quiet post-mortems after a season that didn't go to plan.

ASP is where that experience turns into something usable: articles and frameworks for the calls operators have to make often, benchmarks to know where you stand, and calculators to turn a gut feeling into a number worth acting on.

Not a general audience.

It exists for people who make category, buying, pricing and inventory calls for a living. That's also why it reads differently from a typical business blog: fewer opinions, more reference material you can return to and reuse the next time the same decision comes around.

12+ Years Category Leadership Vendor Negotiation Pricing & Promotion Buying & Planning Category Strategy
  • Built a category from a standing start to scale. Owning buying, vendor terms, space and the commercial outcome.
  • Advised retail and CPG enterprises inside a global consulting practice, across markets and categories.
  • Operated category management within a large multi-format retail network.
  • Connect on LinkedIn

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